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PDOC00760
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1995-07-26
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* Clathrin adaptor complexes small chain signature *
****************************************************
Clathrin coated vesicles (CCV) mediate intracellular membrane traffic such as
receptor mediated endocytosis. In addition to clathrin, the CCV are composed
of a number of other components including oligomeric complexes which are known
as adaptor or clathrin assembly proteins (AP) complexes [1]. The adaptor
complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane
proteins, leading to their selection and concentration. In mammals two type of
adaptor complexes are known: AP-1 which is associated with the Golgi complex
and AP-2 which is associated with the plasma membrane. Both AP-1 and AP-2 are
heterotetramers that consist of two large chains - the adaptins - (gamma and
beta' in AP-1; alpha and beta in AP-2); a medium chain (AP47 in AP-1; AP50 in
AP-2) and a small chain (AP19 in AP-1; AP17 in AP-2).
The small chains of AP-1 and AP-2 are evolutionary related proteins of about
18 Kd. Homologs of AP17 and AP19 have also been found in yeast (genes APS1/
YAP19 and APS2/YAP17) [2,3,4]. AP17 and AP19 are also related to the zeta-
chain [5] of coatomer (zeta-cop), a cytosolic protein complex that reversibly
associates with Golgi membranes to form vesicles that mediate biosynthetic
protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum, via the Golgi up to the
trans Golgi network.
As a signature pattern, we selected a conserved region in the central section
of these proteins.
-Consensus pattern: [LIVM](2)-Y-[KR]-x(4)-L-Y-F
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-Last update: June 1994 / First entry.
[ 1] Pearse B.M., Robinson M.S.
Ann. Rev. Cell Biol. 6:151-171(1990).
[ 2] Kirchhausen T., Davis A.C., Frucht S., O'Brine Greco B., Payne G.S.,
Tubb B.
J. Biol. Chem. 266:11153-11157(1991).
[ 3] Nakai M., Takada T., Endo T.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1174:282-284(1993).
[ 4] Phan H.L., Finlay J.A., Chu D.S., Tan P.K., Kirchhausen T., Payne G.S.
EMBO J. 13:1706-1717(1994).
[ 5] Kuge O., Hara-Kuge S., Orci L., Ravazzola M., Amherdt M., Tanigawa G.,
Wieland F.T., Rothman J.E.
J. Cell Biol. 123:1727-1734(1993).